Welsh Springer Spaniel breed: a loving companion at home, a willing hunting partner in the field

Active, energetic, and industrious, yet adores its family and delights in pleasing its owner. Its red and white coat, sharp intellect, and charming nature are just the icing on the cake.

Larger and stronger than the Cocker Spaniel, yet slightly smaller than the English Springer Spaniel. It is often confused with the Brittany Spaniel, but the Welsh Springer is taller and heavier than its French relative, and their coats differ. Additionally, the Welsh Springer Spaniel is a versatile dog: excelling in shows, hunts, and family life alike, thanks to its wonderful temperament. Its beautiful coat serves a practical purpose as well, being water and weather-resistant, allowing the dog to effectively hunt in various terrains and climates.

History

The Welsh Springer Spaniel is one of the oldest spaniel breeds, but its exact origin is unclear. In the past, spaniels were not categorized into breeds, and for a long time, the Welsh Springer was considered the same breed as the English Springer. 19th century records and illustrations described them as dogs with dark, solid coats, but as early as the 16th century, there were mentions of spaniels flaunting white and red colors. These dogs were likely the ancestors of today’s Welsh Springer Spaniels. These so-called “setting spaniels” had the task of flushing out game, typically rabbits or birds, for hunters to pursue. Spaniels also excel in retrieving, being able to fetch prey even from water.

The English Kennel Club officially recognized the breed in 1902. In the past, it was also known as Welsh Cocker or Welsh Spaniel. The rising popularity of the English Springer overshadowed the Welsh by the 20th century, and the devastations of the First and Second World Wars further diminished the breed, nearly wiping it out. At one point, it was believed to be extinct, but thanks to the enthusiastic supporters of the breed, it was ultimately saved. Although not among the most popular spaniels today, it is better known than, for example, the Field or Boykin Spaniel.

Breed standard

The Welsh Springer Spaniel is a proportionate, sturdy, cheerful, and agile breed, visibly designed for endurance and hard work. Its skull is well-proportioned, of moderate length, gently domed, with a clearly defined stop. The area under the eyes is well-defined. The muzzle is moderately long, straight, and fairly square. The nostrils are well-developed, flesh-colored, or dark. Eyes are dark or hazel, medium-sized, neither protruding nor deeply set. Ears are set deep, hanging closely to the head. They are relatively small, tapering towards the tip, and covered with feathering.

Its jaw is strong, with a scissor bite. The neck is long and muscular, without dewlap. The forelimbs are of moderate length, straight, and moderately feathered. The body is not long, strong, and muscular, with a deep chest. Hind limbs are strong, muscular, and moderately feathered. Paws are round, with thick pads. The tail is set deep, never carried above the line of the back. The coat is smooth, silky, flat, and thick, never curly or harsh. The color is bright red and white. The ideal weight is between 15-20 kg. The height at the withers is approximately 48 cm for males and 46 cm for females. Their expected lifespan is 12-14 years.

Character

A Welsh Springer Spaniel is a diligent and agile breed, designed for hard work, with a highly diverse personality. When given a task, it commits with maximum effort, seemingly knowing no bounds. However, at home, it transforms into an affectionate, loyal, and loving companion, often becoming the apple of the family’s eye. Early socialization is crucial for them. As a hunting dog, they may have a tendency to chase birds or even cats, so it’s advisable to discourage this behavior if kept as a family pet. They may be somewhat reserved with strangers, but not timid or aggressive. They are intelligent and smart, making them ideal for activities like obedience, agility, or tracking. They are easily trainable and enjoy pleasing their owners. They have a great affection for children and get along well with other dogs in the household, as well as with cats if they have been acquainted since puppyhood. Playful, active, and eager to please, they openly display their love for their family.

Ideal environment

The breed is particularly ideal for owners leading an active lifestyle. They make perfect companions for canine sports, hiking, jogging, or hunting together. They are highly active and energetic dogs who feel most comfortable in a house with a suitable fenced yard, with owners who engage with them frequently and satisfy their need for exercise. However, if this isn’t provided, they can become hyperactive and may engage in activities to dispel excess energy that their owner might not appreciate. Because they are deeply attached to their families, they find it hard to cope with being left alone for long periods, which can lead to separation anxiety.

Care

To maintain the beauty of this gorgeous red and white coat, it’s advisable to brush it once a week with a soft-bristled brush. Any tangles can be gently removed with a metal comb. Trim the nails if they aren’t wearing down naturally and become too long. Ears should be checked frequently, especially if the dog has been in water, as spaniels’ ears are somewhat more sensitive, being pendulous and less ventilated, which can lead to water retention and serious issues. Also, ensure the cleanliness of the eyes at all times.

Common health problems

In the case of the Welsh Springer Spaniel, the most common health issue is Hip Dysplasia. This condition affects several individuals of the breed, but it can be screened through genetic tests. Additionally, eye problems may sometimes occur, such as Glaucoma, which significantly increases pressure inside the eye. Thyroid problems may also occasionally appear in Welsh Springer Spaniels.

(Literature: János Szinák – István Veress: A világ kutyái II., David Alderton: Kutyák, Joan Palmer: Advisor’s Guide to Choosing a Small Dog, Dr. Pál Sárkány: International Dog Encyclopaedia)